Firearm



J. U. PEDERSEN.

FIHEARM.

APPLICATION FILED DECZQ. 1917'. RENEWED JULY 3l. I9I9.

I1,333,157' 1 Patented Mar.9,1920.

,4e kmnnuuuun Jolzn D. Pedersen UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN D. PEDERSEN, 0F JACKSON, WYOMING.

FIBEABM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

k Patented Mar.9,192o.

Application led December 29, 1917, Serial Ho. 209,485. Renewed July 31, 191-9. ySerial No. 314,427.

To all whom t may conoem:

Be it known that I, JOHN D. PEDEBSEN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Jackson, in the county of Lincoln and State of lVyorning, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of fire arms in which the barrel is Without longitudinal movement relative tothe frame, but is detaehably united thereto, and relates more especially.' to small-arms in which the sliding bolt-ea1-rier or breech-block thereof is arranged for beng oeked in retracted or open position n' means of a slide-look aotuable into a slide-*engagino position by a. spring-actuated nii-igazine 'ollovver My present improvements are especiallyY applicable to those kinds of small-arms which are prox'illed with magazines having spring-actuated followers, or Cartridge-feed-- ers. and particularly: to that class of these small-arms which are rominonly known as anto-loadingI pistols.

One of the principal objects of the invention is to furnish for use in said class of firearm mechanisms, n simple and effective device whereby the barrel may be det-aelr ably united with the frame by means of a transverse bar which in addition to direotly uniting the barrel to the frame, shall also be directlyY coactire with the breech-slide for holding in plane and releasing this ibarrelholding har; and. whereby such a cross` bain-having the forni of a shaft,-shall be combined with a slide-look member which may.v be continuously subjected to a frictional regulation or Control by a force derived from the breech-slideactuating spring and trans mitted to such slide-lock through the barrel and said cross-bar. or shaft.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification. my present improvements are illustrated as applied to an auto-loading pistol, of which'only the up per portion is shown, but suiicient for illustrating the arrangement and mode of operation of the features and devices hereinafter described.

Figure 1 is a side View or elevation of the upper portion of an auto-loading pistol havinnr my present improvements applied thereto in a preferred form and arrangement thereof 5 in this view the bolt-carrier", or

- arm mechanism.

breech-slide, S, is shown in its forward or firing position, on the frame F;

Fig. 2 is a. side elevation similar to and drawn in alinement with and below Fig. 1, but showing the breech-slide retracted to about the usual loading position, in this View the slide S is shown locked 1n` its retracted position by the slide-stop arm d, as hereinafter more fully explained;

Fig. 2a is a fragmentary side View corresponding to a. mid-length portion of Fig. 2, for showing the position of the slide S for permitting the Withdrawal of the member C, as hereinafter explained;

Fig. l is a sectional side View of the lefthand portion of the lirearm, and is drawn below and in alineinent with Figs. l and 2 for faeilitating comparison therewith;

Fig. is a Jnlan View of so much of the forward part of the firearm as shown in Fig. 3, but with the slide S and barrel B, (else a small portion of the frame F), broken away in some portions thereof for more clearly exhibiting such details as are comprised in or immediately related to my present improvements.

il and 4 are fragmentary views for illustrating certain modifications of minor details. and are hereinafter more fully explained;

Fig. 5 is a cross-Section taken on the line of F ig. 3, for showing ina side View thereof and in Working position. the crossbar or shaft. C, wherebyY the barrel and frame are detachably united;

Fig. 5a is a eross-seetion similar to Fig. 5, for illustrating a modilied form of said cross-shaft C:

Fig. 6 is a sectional plan view-similar to the right-hand portion of Fig. 4,-for illustrating a modification 4in the organization and arrangement, and in the mode of action of the slide-stop means with relation to the frame, F.\barrel, B. and slide, S, of the fireand which may be adopted in connection with a frame-and-barrel uniting cross-har which does not carry a slidestoparm;

F ig. 7 is a fragmentary side vieW,-simi lar to Fig. 2,-for further illustrating` the said modified arrangement shown in Fig. 6: for this purpose. Fin'. 7 is Adrawn below and in alinernent with Fig. 6; A,

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the form of combined shaft and stop-arm, C, shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive; and Fig). 9 is a view-of sai member C, as seen from elow in Fig. 8.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the views.

In the accompanying drawings, my present improvements are illustrated as applied to a firearm mechanism which is organized substantially as set forthin my copending application, Serial No. 204,149, filed November 27, 1917. This mechanlsm, in the form thereof selected for illustration herein, comprises the three principal members of an auto-loading pistol, the frame, the boltcarrying slide, and the barrel; these members are herein designated in a general way by F, S, and B, respectively. Only the upper portion of the frame, F, is shown, and the particular design which is illustrated, has been selected merely for the purposes of illustration, and because it may be considered as typical of various other such frames which are already well-known in this art.

The bolt-carrying breech-slide, S, is shown slidablv mounted on the frame F by means of ordinary interengaging ribs and grooves; these are clearly shown in the sectional views Figs. 3 and 4, and being already common inthe art, do not now require a particular description. The forward portion of the slide S,-at the lefthand in Figs. 1 to 4,-is shown formed with an interior barrel chamber, 3a, and as having in section, ('Fig. 5), a customary inverted- U shape, so that the slide, at the section indicated, may be said to comprise a top-wall, (usually curved about Aas shown), and the two depending side-walls, 3, 3', which extend downwardly to a position somewhat lower than the bore of the barrel. In one of these side-walls,-in this instance, the slide-wall Ser-there Ais formed a recess or gate-Way space, as 2, for a purpose hereinafter explain The barrel, B, is shown inclosed within the slide-chamber 3, exce ting that the forwardl end, 2", is shown sli ably supported in a well-known manner ina ring or bearing, 3d, which is removably fixed in the forward end of said slide member, so that said, end-portion, 2, may be said to extend outwardly, in a forward direction from said chamber 3. The rear end, 2", of the barrel B is shown enlarged to nearly fill, transversely, said chamber 3, and thus also to form at 2, a shoulder, between which the said bearing 3, the slide-actuating spring, N, is held under suitable compression.

`The particular style or variety of slide, S, which is herein illustrated, is shown as being one of that well-known class of sliding breech-bolt carriers which are, removable from the frame in a forward direction only; hence, I have herein shown that slide essaim formed and arranged for having the barrel, B, inserted therein (in a well-known Inanner not herein shown) while the slide is off from the frame, so that these two members, S and B, after being thus preliminarily assembled together may be then together slid into place in the usual manner, from the front of the frame. Said slide may have the usual perforated breech-bolt face, as f, (partially shown in Fig. 3), and may also carry an ordinary which is indicatedin a well-known form at f2.

The barrel and frame are shown releasably-united by means of an improvement which forms in part the subject-matter of my said copending a 204,149. In that appllcation, the barrel and frame are provided with interengaging portions and with a fastening which together constitute a device in the nature of an interlock. In accordance with the principle and method described in said prior application, the frame F, is herein shown having formed therein the recess a3, and the barrel B is shown provided with a downward extension, b', which in practice may have any proportions convenient and suitable for the Isiarticular size and shape of the recess.

aid depending portion b of the barrel, should of course, fit rather the side walls of the recess (see Figs. 4 and 5), so that the rearward end 2" of the barrel will be held in place with a proper degree of rigidity. When the barrel, being thus fitted, is put these two members are then strongly united by means of a transverse bar, as C, which is fitted into the cross-bar seat, at a, of the frame, and into the similar seat, at b2, of the barrel; these seats thus forming, in effect, transverse and alined cross-bar seats,-in this instance, cross-shaft seats,-which extend through the frame and are positioned partly above and partly below the plane of the lower edge of the bar-retaining means which is appurtenant to the slide.

While tenon-and-cross-bar connections of this general class are a well-known mortisejoint of barrel-attaching means, especially in shoulder arms, yet, in my present improvements, the cross-bar has a different position and construction, and thus operates and directly coacts in 'a new way in combination with the sliding bolt-carrier, and with a slide-lock device of an auto-loading firearm having a non-reciprocating barrel. trated, it will be seen that on withdrawing the cross-bar, or cross-shaft, the barrel is removable from the frame by a sliding movement and in a forward direction only.

In the operation of the mechanism, the cross-bar C receives 4by direct contact, and receives transversely thereto, the rearplication, Serial No.

in place on the frame',

In the construction herein illusfiring-pin, the point of closely between wardly acting pressure of the barrel under the recoil, and also the pressure of the s ring N, as transmitted thereto through t e barrel; and, as regards the sustainin -of these transversely-applied forces, sai

cross-har does not have imparted thereto any turning movement or tendency to rotate. Furthermore, said cross-bar does not have in the assembled mechanism the func- Aof the slide S;

tion of a ivot in relation to any of the members, since the barrel alone is separably supported thereon, and since the barrel has no turning or other movement with relation to the cross-bar or to the frame durin the operation ofthe mechanism.

Vhen the Abarrel-and-frame-uniting crossbar is also to be employed as the arm-carryin shaft,see Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive,- this combined cross-bar and shaft is preferably made in the form of a cylinder, this form being, of course, the more sim le and convenient. This form of said mem* er C is one of the forms thereof set forth in my said application, Serial No. 204,149, and the preferableconstruction thereof may be described, briefly, as follows:

In the drawings, the shaft-form cross-bar C is shown located suiiciently high in the frame so than-when the firearm is held horizontally in normal position as in Fig. 1,-the upper side of the cylindrical surface or seat a* is above the` plane'of the lower edge 3f, of the side-wall, 3, of the slide.

hus the shaft-member C and said lower edge 3' may be said each normally to intercept or interfere with the other; but an actual interferencev is avoided by making and arranging said member C in the following manner: Y

As seen in a side view thereof, (see Figs. 5 and 9), the shaft C has the endortions c, c", thereof reduced in size,-an hence, of a notched construction,-being thus shaped so that when the mechanism is assembled, said end-portions will extend and lie closely underneath the coactive slidewalls 3, 3', respectivel Thus the said full-length form of the s aft C has the two surfaces t", 0, which are disposed longitudinally thereof, and should be 'ust out of contact with the lower-edge sur aces 3f, 3f', respectivel of the slide S. In Fig. 5, the position o the plane of said surfaces 0*, c, 1s shown by a medial line, as y,

referabl and usually, in practice, should e located7 about of the height of the shaft or cross-bar, thus bringing all that part thereof which lies above said mid-plane line y thereof, intoa position directly between said side -wallsv as clearly indicated 1n F1gs.

2* and 5. This construction and arrangement also provides for making on the shaft, a pair of vertically-disposed andoutwardlyfacing faces, or surfaces, as 0", c', which are which line,

or approximately midway the recess or forward or the fully c", c", positively prevent said bar from hav-- Ing any undue endwise movement in either direction.

In order to provide for inserting and withdrawing said arm-shaft when this member is constructed and positioned as here explained, the slide-wall adjacent to the stop-arm, d, (in this instance, the wall 3), may have the continuity thereof terminated or interrupted at a point or position for permitting the withdrawal of the shaft out of the shaft-seat, when the slide is in some one position in the stroke thereof. -This object may be accomplished by forming a recess or gate-way space, as 2, (Figs. 1, 2, 2*), in such a position in said shaft-retaining side-wall that when the slide is at some .convenient point between the ends of its travel, or working stroke, (see Fig. 2), this recess and thereby permit be pushed or drawn 'as through a door seat, a, of the frame,

the, body of the shaft to out through said recess or gate-way therefor.

In some instances, if desi1 ed, instead of cutting out a recess in the said depending and shaft-retaining slide-wall, as 3, such wall may have, as to such shaft-retaining portion thereof, its continuity of length limited in one direction for thereby permitting the withdrawal of the body of the shaft (Figs. 4, 5), outwardly past said slide- Wall when the slide is in some one, (or 1n a sufficiently retracted), position thereof; this retracted position, in practice, may be at or near the rearward end of the workmg stroke of the slide. One such limit of continuity of length is shown at 3, Figs. 2 and 2, this being the point where, in the present instance, a shaft-retaining portion of the slide-wall 3 is shown to e terminated, or discontinued, in the forward direction. Thus such a slide-wall of limited length, may be considered as being one means ap urtenant to the slide and 1n position an arranged for coactin with a transverse face, as c", of the shag C, during one ortion of the reci rocating movement of t e slide, and for Withdrawin from such coacting position during a urther movement of the slide.

In practice, it is deemed desirable that gate-Way, 2, should be so 1ocated as not to be 1n front (as in Fig. 2) of the face or shoulder 0 of the shaft when the slide S is in either the retracted position;

i In this arrangement, in

thus the user, when desiring Ito take out the shaft, will be required to draw the slide backwardly 1- from its position in Fig. 1, for

only a short distance in order to bring said 5 s ace 2 into the aft-releasing position ks own in Fig'. 2". This arrangement has also the advantage that in the normal operation of the rearm gate-way recess win pass by uw Staa c wml@ the snee s is moving'at a high velocity, thereby safethe operation further safealso secured, since the parts may litt/ed so that the force of the spring N, andthe action of the recoil, will apply pressure tothe shaft C during the time the recess 2 is passinglthis shaft, (Fig. 2a), and

thus will tend to old the shaft so firmly as to prevent any longitudinal movement during susch a brief time-interval.

For permitting the shaft C to have the small but proper amount of turning movement to provide for the working stroke of the slide-stop arm d, the up r ace c, of the reduced end c of said duced or positioned as to provi but proper amount of space at e",

so that the shaft-may turn s1' causing said end 'portion c o the shaft to bear, or bind, against the lower surface, 3f, of the shaft-retaining slide-wall 3.

In Figs. .4 aud.5, the cross-shaft C is shown with thev stop-arm d fitted to lie close against the outside surface 2f, of the frame F, so that inpractice said nnss-shaftA will normally be h d against longitudinal move ment by the coaction of the inner sur (Fig- 5),

face c posed inner sur ace 3 of the slide-wall 3. 40, When the cross-shaft is thus provided with the two movement-limiting aces c and c, the op 'te end thereof, 0, may be omitted, and also said shaft may terminate at a point just within the frame; this omission is shown in the modified arra ment illustrated in the sectional view ig. 5. practice, the barseat or bore in the frame, for receiving said erom-bar, need not extend entirely through the frame, but there may be a thin wall as 2, between the outer surface of the frame and the inner end of the cross-shaft, so that this shaft will not then be accessible from that side of the frame which is opposite to thesaid arm d, thereof.

On account of the ordinary mode of taking the pistol in hand, it will usuali be desirable to have said cross-shaft andstogg p arm so arranged lthat the stop-arm; will l 6o in a position at pistol frame, and this, 'it will be understood, is the a gement in ed. However, it will be evident without further illustration, that in constructing a5 these may be arranged vlbecause then the slidin htly without' the parte, in a reverse mannerv (not herein shown) should occasion require,

so that the crow-shaft will have the stop- M-m a the right-hand Sideof the frame. In my present improvement, as will now shaft member C does be evident, the crossturued preliininarily to the not need t0 be withdrawal thereof, butwhen the slide, S, is moved to bring the recess or gatewa into alinement with said memiber C, see Fig. 2*), this member ma then be drawn directly outward toward t e right-hand in Fig. 5; this' operation (except as to the modification of Figs. 6 and frees the barrel and the frame each from the other, except as to the e ment of the aforesaid depending part of the barrel within the recess or mortise of the fr ame. outward movement, however, of said cross-V shaft is elfectually prevented at all times (hiring the normal o ration of the firearm, bolt-carrier S is always moving either orw'ardly or rearwardly whenever said ateway 2 is at or adjacent to said cross-s ft member. i The cross-bar or shaft G, in practice, should be made large enough so that the arm-carryin vportieri c thereof will have the strengt needed for safely carrying said arm and for sustaining any strains which may arise from the work tolwhich such arm may be subjected.

In order to bring the 'transverse face c of the cross-shaft into position for enact ing,-as a sliding face,with the inner surface l,1l of the slide wall c, said cross-shaft 100 is shown so located that the plane of said wall-surface 3t will come naar to a midplane, y, of the shaft; this arrangement also brings into a position directl between the slide-walls c and c", (Fig. 5)', all that part of said crosswhich' lies above said mid-plane thereof, so that the trans- 'd shaft (when the shaft verse faces of sai has two such faces) come into proper coacting relation, respectively, with the aforesaid inner wallaces Since one usi-pose of the mid-length portieri, as c', 2, 5), of the su ace of the round area whereby to obtain. a. pro

amount of frictional control of the lever-arm d, therefore,in practice, and in some 1nstances,the diameter of said shaft may be made larger than merely or strength as aharrel-andme uniting crossbar. Thus mid mid-surface at c is in the nature of a. friction-drum appartenant to a shaftform bar whereby the constantly acting spring-pressure, when applied thereto in such a manner. as already ex lained, may dulyrestrain the movement o the lever or stop-arm d.

A further advantage secured b the present arrangement, is that the wor 'ng movements of the stop-arm have no eiect, at any 130 the surfaces by which the sto -arm is retained in pro-per working-positionlaterally of the frame. The lower edge 3f of` the slide-wall 3c usually will be parallel, of course, to the direction of sliding movement of the `slide S. Therefore, the area of that portion of the stop-surface o of the cylinwall edge, or line 3f, will be of'a constant extent, and not modified by the turning of e the shaft within the normal range of said working movements. Thus in practice, no

` excess or amplification of said area of engagement needs tobe provided for, in order v to have at all times a sufficiently .large area of actual engagement.

The 11p-stroke of the stoparm,-Fig. 2,-'

is limited, naturally, by the lock-end 4a engaging (with) in the notch 2 of the slide, so that the slide-wall o may be said itself y-to act as the up-stroke-limiting means. An

analo ous arrangement may also be employe and pre or limiting the down-stroke of the stopal'm. For lnstance, in Figs. 6, 7, the arm d; is shown with a portion, d, extended somewhat forward of the shaft C', and is there provided with an upper stop-face 4" which is arranged to contact with the lower .face 3f of the slide-wall c8 when the stoparm d, I(Fig. 7), is moved, or swun down to the extreme limit of its downwar stroke. Thus, arm-stroke-limiting means appurtenant to the slide S may be arranged,substan tially as indicated, whereby to limit the working movements of the stop-arm al in each direction.

In the particular arrangement shown in said Figs. 6 and 7 it will be noted that the stoparm d is not shown provided with any means for properly limiting the down-stroke of said arm except said stop-face 4"; when, however, some other and suitable downstroke-limiting means shall be provided for said stop-arm, Said forward stop-face 4b may be omitted. One such another means, is illustrated in Fig. 4, and consists of an in ward projection or arm-stop, 4, carried on the arm d and located in a position above a face, as f", (Figs. 4'* and 4), which thus serves as a stop-face for said purpose. Said stopface f4 may be the lower face of a recess, as fs, to be formed in the frame-wall about as shown. In this arrangement, howerably in some instances,

vmagazine shall become emptied of cartridges. Sald magazine and follower, as indicated in the drawin may be of the ordrical shaft-C, which lies abovesaid slidedinary kind, with whic auto-loading pistols are now commonly provided.

In the arrangement of Figs. 4 and 6, it

ywill be seen that said lengthened inward projection a? has two functions, since it serves as a, stop device on the down-stroke of the arm d, and serves in connection with` point where the lower face, as f", thereof will become inoperative as a stop-face; this special arrangement or modification is also illustrated in Fig. 7. Also, if preferred, instead of using said forward arm-stop 4, a separate arm-stop,-here shown in the wellknown form of a pin, fer-may be inserted in thev frame F, and may be located on the gram? directly below the stop-arm d,-see

Since the shaft-form cross-bar C is itself provided with means whereby said shaft is retained against longitudinal displacemena-see Figs. 5, 5*,-therefore said stop arm d does not require to have any means (either as a part or a/detail thereof) whereby to hold this arm in place as regards the position thereof laterally of the frame. Accordingly, said -stoparm,-as regards the withdrawal thereof.-is herein shown free of any position-retaining contact with the Yframe, except as to the use, (in some in stances. as described), of a stroke-limiting frame-face, as f4, Fig. 4"; or, of a strokelimiting stop, as f,-see Fig. 7 Said stoparm d,vhow'ever, when thus dependably supported and held in place by means of said specially constructed arm-carrying shaftmember C, serves to hold said inward projection d, thereof in proper coacting position relative to said magazine follower n, (Figs. 4, 6), while said projection has itself no position-retaining means of any kind. Owing to this very simple and effective arrangement, when the slide S is moved to a position (Fig. 2*), in which the space 2 coincides with said shaft C. then on drawing said shaft outwardly from its seat in the frame, said follower-engaging projection is drawn directly outward from its said working position. and this may be done egardless of the position of the stop-arm d, hether raised, as in Fig. 2, or lowered as in Figs. l and 2; hence, said withdrawal may be effected, even when the magazine is empty, without giving attention to the :followerI n, and without having rst to push down said follower a inst the force of the magazine spring by w ich such followers are ordinarily actuated.

In the more complete development` of my present invention, which I have described in connection with the principal views Figs. 1 to 5, the arm-carryin shaft C, not only constitutes a barrel-andame-uniting crossbar, but also serves as a friction member whereby the slide-stop arm, d, is subjected to a regulation or resistance by a force derived from the slide-actuating spring. When such a regulation or control is not desired, said shaft C may be otherwise arranged, as for instance, in the 'manner illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. Assuming the barrel and frame to be substantially as in Fig. 4, the barrel lug b' may be held in place in the frame recess a `by a cross-bar C2, and this bar may have on one end, a point cs, projecting slightly at one side of the frame, and may have on the other end a position-limiting head, as es. Between the frame recess a? and the magazine chamber m, a shaft-seat is bored at b2 transversely through the frame. In said seat b2', the shaft C is supported in the position indicated in Figs. 6 and 7, so that the side-walls 3c, 3', will engage in the notches formed by the pairs of surfaces c"`c and c-cl, respectively, of said shaft, and thereby hold the shaft against longitudinal displacement substantially the same as shown in Fig. 5. Being itself thus held inplace, one end thereof, and exteriorly of the frame, the stop-arm d, which may be provided with the `aforesaid inward projection d2, and also, when desired, with the forward projection d3, so that the arm, thus equipped, will con y form to the uses and modes of action already explained in connection with Figs. 1 to 5*, inclusive. In Figs. 6, 7, however, a further feature is shown, since said forward projection al here extends in part over the end of the cross-bar C, 'and thus serves to retain said bar securely in place. 0n first withdrawing the combined `shaft and sto arm, (1n the manner already describedj, said 'cross-bar C, then may be readily removed,-by being pushed out in an obvious mannen-and the arrel B will .thereby be released or disnnited, from the frame.,

.On comparing the views Figs. 4 and 6 wlth the sectional view Fig. 5, it will be seen that the coaction 4of the main slide S wlththe arm-carrying shaft is the same in each of the two arrangements of said shaft relative lto the frame and barrel, and that in each instance the slide-wall 3 engages over a the end-face c' of the bod 'of the shaft, for thereby holding both sha and stop-arm in the shaft C carries Also, it will be slide to bring the The space 2, is shown in the drawing as having a form which is usually designated as a recess the rearward face, 3k, of which is a locking-face for engaging with the face 4 of the arm-end 4, when the slide S is locked in the retracted position thereof shown in Fig. 2. The forward position of said space 2 is shown in Fig. 1, in which the slide S is presumed to be in the firing position relative to the frame F; inthis position the slide is a shaft-retaining member, as more clearly shown in Fig. 5. Now, by making the length of the stop-arm d from the center of the shaft to the face 4, (see Fig. 1), less than the total movement or stroke of said space 2 from its position in Fig. 1 to its position in Fig. 2, it follows that the slide S must be somewhat retractedfrom its position in Fig. 1 in order to bring said space 2 to the intermediate position shown in Fig. 2, where the space 2 can serve as the gateway through which to draw out the released shaft C.

Thus, by means 0f the construction and peculiar location of the shaft C relative to the slide-wall 3, and the way these parts are organized or combined with the stoparm, said single space 2 serves the two distinct purposes of a locking recess for the lock-end 4* of the stop-arm, and of a gate- Way space or recess through which to withdraw the shaft by which said stop-arm is carried. In Fig. 2, distances 7 and'i' respectively represent, (but in a comparative or symbolic manner, slide SA and the lrelative length, as aforesaid, of the stop-arm d.

When the stop-arm d is to be with means for engaging an opera le member located within the frame, it will, of course, be necessar for said lever-arm to be extended rearwar ly fromvthe cross-shaft a y sufficient distance therefor. The sectional plan view Fig. 4,-shows such an arran ement, in which said lever-arm d is provi ed with the inward projection d2 extending through the opening f of the frame. In this view the inner end of said projection d2 is shown in position for engaging with the usual follower as n of the magazine of the firearm. Since said follower, in practice, will b e upwardly actuated by a. spring, 1n the ordinary manner, therefore when the only), the stroke of,

rovidea lock-en 4* thereof into contact with the lower side of the slide `S, (F ig. 1), so thatwhen the slide is drawn rearwardly to the loadin position (indicated in the side view Fig. A2 said lever-arm will be further raised and thus operate as a slide-stop for vengaging and holding the slide in said retracted position. Thus the lever-arm d be'-y comes a slide-locking stop-arm automatif cally actuatable into a osition for locking the slide in the rearward position thereof.

In the arrangement of the mechanism herein described, in connection with Fi 1 to 5, the slide-operating spring N, by its rearward pressure against the shoulder 2 of the barrel B, appxlies a relatively intense pressure upon the ction-drum surface c of the shaft member C, and thereby tends by reason of the friction so produced, to hold the lever-arm d, either in the upward or the downward position as the case may be. Thus said slide-locking member is held at all necessary times under a due restraint a d movements towd an )l tfrom its s 1 e-engaging position, ig. 2 'means of a force derived from the slide-sgring N, and without requirin any se arate spring or other device especia ly there or. In order that said spring N may have 'at all times a full effect, in so applying friction to said arm-shaft C, the barrel-lug b', is shown in a position free of contact with 'the cross-wall b of the frame, (Fig. 4), thus providing a` small space at es; and in view of this ar-J ran ment when used, the shaft C should be ma e of .a size suiiciently large to sustain without injury the recoil forces to which this member is subjected. The barrel, therefore constitutes a means whereby the force or. pressure exerted by the spring N, is applied to restraining the movement of the slide-stoppin lever-arm d. Y

The crossar, or shaft C,-herein generally referred to as a barrel and frame uniting means or device,-not only connects the barrel to the frame, but this connection is a direct one, so that said principal members F and B are not merely secured or connected together but are actually united by being each attached directly and xedly, (although vattached releasably) to the other; and, this result is attained without the use therefore of any plurality, train or series of members in effecting such uniting of the barrel and frame.

Havngthus described my invention, I claim- 1. In a firearm, the combination with a frame and a barrel each provided near the rearward end of the barrel with interlock Awith said shaft and having portions having transversely disposed and alined cross-shaft seats, of a slide having a lock-face and supported for reciprocating movements forwardly and rearwardly on the frame; a slide-actuating spring intermediate to the slide and barrel; a barrel and frame uniting cross-shaft disposed and fitted to be turned in said alined seats wliile subjected to friction derived from said spring; and a slide-locking arm rigid with said shaft and carried thereb exteriorly of the frame in osition for eing engaged with said lockace of the slide by the turning of the shaft under the pressure' of said slide-actuating sprin 2. In a firearm, tige combination with a frame and a barrel each provided near the rearward end of the barrel with interlock portions having transversely disposed and alined cross-shaft seats, of a slide having 'a lock-face and retractably supported on the frame; a barrel 'and frame unitinv crossshaft disposed and fitted to be turne in said alined seats; and a slide-locking arm rigid a stop-face in sition for bein swun 1nto engagement lith said lock-fariJ of thegslide by the turningof said shaft in said alined shaft-seats of the frame and the barrel, whereby the force of the recoil applies a pressure to the shaft 1for thereby frictionally restraining such turning of the shaft.

3. In a firearm, the combination with a frame having therein a magazine provided with a spring-actuated follower, and with a barrel; of a slide having a lock-face and supported for reciprocating movements on the frame; a slide-actuating spring reacting against the barrel, said barrel and the frame having interlock portions provided transversely with alined cross-sha t seats; a barrel and frame uniting cross-shaft having the bodyportion thereof disposed and fitted to turn in said alined seats of the frame and barrel; a slide-locking arm `rigid with said cross-shaft and 'carried thereby exteriorlyof the frame in position for engaging said lock-face of the slide by the turning of the shaft in said alined shaft-seats o f frame,

subjected to friction derived .said

spring, said shaft having at the ufpperside and u on the body portion thereo a transverse caring face in a position adjoining one side of the frame; the slide and in position and arranged forcoacting with said transverse bearing'` shaft from displacement-'durmg one portion of the reciprocating movement of the slide, and for withdrawing from such coacting position during a further movement o the slide and, a, stop-arm carried by said shaft exteriorly of the frame,

end in position for being engaged with said lock-face of the slide by swinging the stoparm and shaft under spi-in when the slide is retracted.

5. n a firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a slide having a lock-face and retractably supported on the said frame and barrel each having near the rearward end of the barrel, interlock portions provided transversely with cross-shaft seats which .are cylindrical and alined; a barrel and frame uniting crossshaft having a cylindrical body portion thereof disposed in said alined seats, and also havi on said body portion thereof2 a transverse carin face in a position adjoin ing one side o the frame; means appurtenant to the slide and in position and arranged for coaction with said transverse bearing face of the cross-shaft and thereby hold the cross-shaft from displacement dui'- ing one portion of the retraction of the slide, and for withdrawinghfrom such coaction in one position of t e slide; and, a lever-arm carried by said cross-shaft in a position for being swung into englagement with said lock-face by turning 't e crossshaft in said alined shaft-seats when the slide is in a retracted position.

6. In a firearm, the combination with a framev and with a barrel, of aslide having a lock-face and retractably supported on the said frame and barrel each having near the,rearward end of the barrel, interlock portions provided transversely with cross-shaft seats which are cylindrical and alined; a barrel and frame4 uniting crossshaft having a cylindrical `body portion thereof disposed in said alined seats, and also having on said body portion thereof, a transverse bearing face; means appartenant v to the slide and in position and arranged for id transverse bearing face coaction with s of the cross-shaft and thereby hold vthe cross-shaft from displacement during one portion of the retraction of the slide, and for withdrawing from such coaetion in one position of the slide; a lever-arm carried by said cross-shaft in a position for `being swung into engagement with said lock-face means appartenant .to

face of the cross-shaft forlthereby holding the f andhaving a lockthe pressure of said Vappartenant to and alined; a barrel by turning the cross-shaft in said alined shaft-seats when the slide is in a retracted position; and, a sprin position and ranged for applying riction to said body portion of the shaft during the retraction of the slide.L

7. In a firearm, the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a slide having a lock-face and retractably su frame, said frame and barrer each having near the rearward end of the barrel, interlock portions provided transversely with;

cross-shaft seats which, are cylindrical and alined; a barrel and frame uniting cross-shaft having a cylindrical body portion thereof disposed in said alined seats, and also having t on said body portion thereof, a transverse bearin face; means the slide and in position and arranged for coaction with said transverse bearing face of the cross-shaft and thereby hold the cross-shaft from displacement during one portion of the retraction of the slide, and for withdrawing from such coported on the A action in one position of the slide; a leverarm carried by said cross-shaft in a position for being swung into engagement with said lock-face b turning the cross-shaft in said alined sha t-seats when the slide is in a retracted position; and, a slide-'actuating spring in position and arran d for applying friction to the shaft during the retraction of the slide and by a force transmitted through the barrel and said shaft-seat thereof. n

8. In a .firearm,' the combination with a frame and with a barrel, of a slide having a lock-face and retractably. supported on r the frame, said frame and barrel each having near the rearward end of the barrel, interlock portions provided transversely with cross-shaft seats which-are cylindrical and frame uniting cross-shaft having a cylindrical body portion thereof disposed in said alined seats; coactive means appartenant to said body portion of the shaft and to the slide and in position and arranged for holding the crossshaft from displacement during one portion of the retraction of the slide, and for withdrawing from suchholding action one position of the slide a lever-arm carried by said crossshaft in a position. for being swung into engagement with sa1d lock.face by turning the cross-shaft in said alined shaft-seats when the slide is in a retracted position; and, means for applying friction tosaid body portion of the shaft during the f retraction of the slide. r

9. In a firearm` the combination with a frame. of a slide having a lock-face and supported on the frame and having depending side-walls slidablv engaging the frame; a barrel in position between the side-walls ward end; a slide-actuating spring reacting against said enlarged barrel-end, and said rearward barrel-end and the frame having interlock portions provided transversely with alined cross-shaft seats positioned in the frame at a height partly above and partly below the lower edge of one of said side-walls; a barrel and frame uniting crossshaft having the body portion thereof disposed and fitted to turn in said alined seats of the frame and barrel, and also having said body portion notched for engagement with said one of the side-walls to retain the lcross-shaft in place, said` shaft retaining side-wall having therein a gate-way space in a position for permitting the withdrawal of the body of the cross-shaft outwardly through said space when the slide is in one position thereof; and, a slide-locking arm rigid 'with said cross-shaft and. carried thereby' exteriorly of the frame, and in position and operable for engaging said lockfaceof the slide by the turning of the shaft in said shaft-seats of the barrel and frame.

.10, In a firearm, the combination with a frame having therein a magazine' provided with `a ,spring-actuated follower, of a slide having-a lock-face and supported on tlief .frame and having depending side-walls slidably engaging the frame' a barrel 1n position between the side-walls of the slide and having an enlarged rearward kend; a slideactuating spring reacting against said enlarged barrel-end, and said rearward barrelend and the frame having interlock ortions provided transversel with allned cross-shaft seats ositioned 1n the frame at a height partly a ove and partly below the lower edge of one of said s1de-walls; a barrel-and-frame unitin cross-shaft having, the body portionvthereo disposed and tted to turn in said alined seats of the frame and barrel, and also having said body portion notched for engagement with said one of the side-walls to retaln the cross-shaft in place,

said shaft retaining side-wall having therein a gate-way space in a l osition for permitting the withdrawal of t e body of the crossshaft out wardly through said space when the slide is in one osition thereof; a slide-locking arm rig with Said cross-shaft and carried thereby exteriorly of the frame,.and in position and o erable forengaging said lock-face. of the s ideV by the turning of the shaft in said alined shaft-seats of the barrel and frame; and, means operable by the 'magazine follower for actuating the slide-loc ifng arm into said engagement wlth said lockace.

11. In a iirearm, the combination with a frame having transversel therein a crossshaft seat and also provi ed with ama zine having a spring-actuated lfollower, o a

place, and for re having the body portion thereof disposed and fitted to be turned in said shaft-seat of the frame and provided with a transverse face; means appurtenant to the slide and in position for engagement with said transverse face therebiy to hold the cross-shaft lin easing the shaft from such holding action when the slide is in one position thereof; and, a slide-locking arm c'arried by said shaft exteriorly of the frame, and in position and arranged for actuation by the magazine follower into engagement with said lock-face when the slide is in one position thereof.

'12. In a firearm, hthe combination with a frame:havingtransversely therein a crossvshaft se'at'and also provided with a magayframe and provided with a side-wall engaging over one side of the frame and having a lock-face,'said cross-shaft seat being positioned in the frame at a height partly above and partly below theplane of the lower ed of said side-wall of the slide; a cross-sha having the body portion thereof disposed and fitted to turn in said shaft-seat of the frame'and provided with a transverse surface in position for engagement with the sidewall thereby to hold the cross-shaft in place., `and said side-wall having therein a gate-way space in a osition for permittin the withdrawalof t e body of said sha outwardly through said space when the slide is in one position thereof; and, a slidelock ing arm, carried by said shaft exteriorly of `the fra-me and actuatable by the magazine follower into engagement with said lock-face when the slide is in one position thereof.

13. In a firearm; the combination with a frame and a barrel, each having near the rearward end of the barrel, interlock ortions provided transversely with allned cross-shaft' seats, of a slide supported for a loading stroke on the frame and provided with a depending, wall engaging over one Side of theframe and there having an inwardly facing surface of a continuous length less than the loading stroke; a crossshaft having the body portion thereof dis- .posed and ltted to turn in said alined seats body of the cross-bar outwardly past said slide-wall when the slide is in one retracted position thereof; and, a slide-locking arm rigid with said shaft and carried thereby exteriorly of the frame.

14. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat; a shaft sup rted in said shaft-seat and carrying rigid therewith and exteriorly of the frame, a stop-arm having a lockend in position for coaction with the lock-face of a slide; and a breech-slide retractable through a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position on the frame and provided with a ook-face in position for coaction with said lock-endv when the slide is retracted to a loading-position, said slide being also provided with a shaft-engaging side-wall having therein a shaft-releasing recess the rearward face of which constitutes said lockface of the slide.

15. In a iirearin, in combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat; a shaft having the body portion thereof supported in said shaft-seat and carrying rigid therewith and exteriorly of the frame, a stop-arm having a lock-end in position for coaction with the lock-face of a slide; and

a breech-slide retractable through a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position on the frame and provided with a lock-face in position for coaction with said lock-end when the slide is retracted to a loading position, said slide being also provided with a shaft-engaging side-wall having therein a shaft-releasing gate-way space in a position whereby the body of the shaft may be drawn lout of saidl seat and through said gate-way space when the slide is in a retracted position.

. 16. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat; a shaft sup rted in said shaftseat and carrying rigid therewith and exteriorly of the frame, a stop-arm having a lock-end in position for coaction with the lock-face of a slide; and a breech-slide retractable through a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position on the frame and provided With a lock-face in position for coaction with said lockend when the slide is retracted to' a loading-position, said slide being also proyided with a shaft-engaging side-wall having therein a shaft-releasing recess the rearward face of which constitutes said lockface of the slide, and said stop-arm having a length less( than said loading stroke of the slide, whereby such recess receives the lock-endfof said shaft-arm when the re vtracted slide is locked rin said loading pothe lock-face of a slide' a breech-slide retractable through `a loading stroke from a firing to a loading position on the frame and provided with a lock-face in position` for coaction with said lock-end when the slide is retracted to a loadin -position, said slide being also provided with a side-wall in position for directly engaging with the body portion of said shaft and having therein a shaft-releasing recess through which said body portion of the shaft may be withdrawn from said shaft-seat; and, means appurtenant to the stop-arm and follower for actuating the stop-arm into said slide- `engaging position.

18. In a firearm, in combination, a frame having transversely thereof a shaft-seat and also having a magazine provided with a spring-actuated follower; a shaft having a body-portion which is su ported in said shaft-seat and also is provi ell with a transverse face, said shaft carrying rigid therewith and exteriorly of the frame, a stoparm in position and arranged for coaction with the lock-face of a slide, a breech-slide retractable through a loading'stroke from a firing to a loading position on the frame and provided with alock-face in position for coaction with said stop-arm when the slide is retracted to a loading-position, said slide being also rovided longitudinally thereof with a sha -engaging face in position for directly engaging with said transverse face on the body portion of said shaft, and having therein a shaft-releasing space the rearward face of which constitutes said lock-face of the slide and through which said body portion of the shaft may be withdrawn from said shaft-seat; and, means appurtenant to the stop arm and follower for actuating theV stop-arm into said slide-engaging position. I Y y JOHN D. PEDERSEN.,

Witnesses:

lFRANCIS H. RICHARDS,

HAROLD D. PaNNnr. 

